语法检测-虚拟语气错综复杂的时间虚实混合虚实

编辑:pitaya02        日期:2020-12-14

除上面提到的情形外,还有两个看似复杂的,实则原理相同的情况。

(1)错位时间虚幻

If you had followed the doctor's

advice, you would be all right now.

要是你听了医生的建议,你现在就会恢复健康。

要避免的陈述语调是:

条件:you followed the doctor's advice;结果:you will be all right

now

只要按照前面讲过的规则,改变一下这个动词。

If he had reviewed the lessons

last night, Morris would be able to answer most of the questions now.

假如昨天晚上有 Morris的评论,现在大多数问题都可以回答。

要避免的陈述语调是:

条件:he reviewed the lessons last

night;结果:Morris will be able

to answer most of the questions now

请注意,上面两个句子中 would,即 will的变体,是表示“用于判断当前情况”的伪未来用法。

(2)真假混杂

We didn't know his telephone

number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.

他的电话号码我们不知道,否则我们就打电话给他。

无需回避 Wedidn't know his telephone

用 number表示,因为事实确实是未知的。把实际情况件转化为假定条件 If we had known his

在 telephone number之后,理解的方法和纯粹的虚拟是一样的。

四、其他场合的虚拟语调

除条件句外,虚拟语气还具有其他一些用法,原理与虚拟条件句相同

A. wish之后的宾语从句

I wish I could be of some use.

但愿我能有所帮助。

We wish he didn't smoke.

但愿他不抽烟。

I wish prices would come down.

但愿价格会降下来。

I wished I hadn't spent so much

Money。

希望我没花那么多钱

(2)介词短语作为假设条件(隐含虚拟)

But for his help, we would be

working now.

如果没有他的帮助,我们仍然可以继续工作。

Without your instruction, I

would not have made such great progress.

如果没有你的指导,我就不会取得这么大的进步。

(3) as if指导的状语从句

asif引导下的状语从句是最能体现虚拟语气本质的,使用虚拟语气还是使用陈述语气,完全依据主观判断:

He looks as if he is sick.

这个句子的意思是:他看起来很不好,很可能是病了。

He looks as if he were sick.

这个词的意思是:这个人明明很好,但是很无精打采,就像生病一样。

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