语法检测-虚拟语气错综复杂的时间虚实混合虚实
编辑:pitaya02 日期:2020-12-14
除上面提到的情形外,还有两个看似复杂的,实则原理相同的情况。
(1)错位时间虚幻
If you had followed the doctor's
advice, you would be all right now.
要是你听了医生的建议,你现在就会恢复健康。
要避免的陈述语调是:
条件:you followed the doctor's advice;结果:you will be all right
now
只要按照前面讲过的规则,改变一下这个动词。
If he had reviewed the lessons
last night, Morris would be able to answer most of the questions now.
假如昨天晚上有 Morris的评论,现在大多数问题都可以回答。
要避免的陈述语调是:
条件:he reviewed the lessons last
night;结果:Morris will be able
to answer most of the questions now
请注意,上面两个句子中 would,即 will的变体,是表示“用于判断当前情况”的伪未来用法。
(2)真假混杂
We didn't know his telephone
number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
他的电话号码我们不知道,否则我们就打电话给他。
无需回避 Wedidn't know his telephone
用 number表示,因为事实确实是未知的。把实际情况件转化为假定条件 If we had known his
在 telephone number之后,理解的方法和纯粹的虚拟是一样的。
四、其他场合的虚拟语调
除条件句外,虚拟语气还具有其他一些用法,原理与虚拟条件句相同
A. wish之后的宾语从句
I wish I could be of some use.
但愿我能有所帮助。
We wish he didn't smoke.
但愿他不抽烟。
I wish prices would come down.
但愿价格会降下来。
I wished I hadn't spent so much
Money。
希望我没花那么多钱
(2)介词短语作为假设条件(隐含虚拟)
But for his help, we would be
working now.
如果没有他的帮助,我们仍然可以继续工作。
Without your instruction, I
would not have made such great progress.
如果没有你的指导,我就不会取得这么大的进步。
(3) as if指导的状语从句
asif引导下的状语从句是最能体现虚拟语气本质的,使用虚拟语气还是使用陈述语气,完全依据主观判断:
He looks as if he is sick.
这个句子的意思是:他看起来很不好,很可能是病了。
He looks as if he were sick.
这个词的意思是:这个人明明很好,但是很无精打采,就像生病一样。
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