语法检测-句型转换
编辑：pitaya02 日期：2020-10-10
在年度中考试卷中，“句型转换”题所占分值较大，其目的在于全面考察学生在初中阶段所学的词汇(同义或反义)、短语、句型、语法等知识与其他知识的灵活运用能力。
I.题目介绍
所谓句型转换，就是首先给一个完整的句子 A，然后按照括号中的要求(有时不清楚，请自己看)，在第二个句子 B的空白处填上合适的词，这样做。
二、主题分类火龙果智能语法检测
就形式而言，主要有以下几种形式：①一个单词或词组的转换；②一个词组和一个句子的转换；③一个同义句型的转换；④一个旨在纠正语言中常见错误的题目。
在内容上，本题涉及的面很广，主要有：①句子功能方面的转换。其中包括(肯定和否定)陈述句，四种题型疑问句，祈使句，感叹句的转换；②句式结构的转换。也就是简单句、复句和并列句之间的转换；③语态。在主动式和被动式之间进行转换；④常用句型和词汇手段的转换。火龙果智能语法检测
三、具体分类如下
陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句之间的相互转换
在陈述句中，肯定句变成否定句，大多数情况下是使用 not来改变谓语结构，但是也有一些借用否定词，比如 nothing, nobody, neither, little, few, never, hardly等等，例如::
A：Tom does well in maths.
B：Tom doesn't do in maths.
A：He has much to do.
B：He has nothing to do.
A：All of my classmates like art.
B：None of my classmates likes art.
用疑问句代替疑问句。通过对上下句的结构和词性的缩小，来判断转换成何种疑问句。比如：
A：My brother often has breakfast at school.
B： Does your brother often have breakfast at school?
A：Tom's already weak in English.
B：Tom's already weak in English, isn't he ?
A：The red light changes every two minutes.
B：How often does the red light change?
用感叹句来代替。决定使用哪一种感叹句形式，取决于所给句子的结构和单词的词性，例如：
A：This is an interesting book.
B：What an interesting book this is!
或 How interesting this book is!
第二，同义句的转换。火龙果智能语法检测
以上句为基础，写出意义相同(或相近)、形式多样、内容复杂、范围广泛的下句。
同义词或词组之间的相互转换。(通常上下句时态一致)。
常见的同义词或词组有:(1)四个“花费”(spend-take-cost-take);(2)三个“到达”(getto-reach-arrivein/at);(3)四个“收到…来信”(hearfrom-get a letterfrom-receive a letterfrom-have a letterfrom);(4)两个“擅长于…”(be good at-do wellin);(5)两个“有空”(befree-havetime);(6)三个“入睡”(go tosleep-get tosleep-fallasleep);(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoyoneself-have a goodtime);(8)“给…打电话”(callsb-telephonesb-ringsb. acall-make a telephone tosb.)(9)“飞往…”(flyto…-goto…byair/plane)(10)“自学”(teachoneself-learn…byoneself)(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help…(to)do…(12)在…差be weakin…-do badlyin…(13)能/会…can-be ableto (14)更喜欢…like…betterthan…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…be fullof…-be filledwith…(16)放弃干…give updoing…-stopdoing…(17)不再… nolonger-not…anylonger (18)照顾/保管 take careof…-lookafter (19)展览 onshow-ondisplay (20)阻止…干…stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…(21)由于 thanksto-becauseof…(22)举手handsup-put upone'shands (23)最后,终于atlast-in theend (24)与…不同 be differentfrom…-be not the sameas…(25)从…借入…borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的士 goto…bybus/train/taxi-take a bus/train/taxito…(27)乘自行车去… goto…bybike-ride a biketo…(28)为…感到自豪 be proudof…-be the prideof…(29)步行去… walkto…-goto…on foot (30)独自地by oneself-alone等。例如:比如：火龙果智能语法检测
A：The children had a good time in the park.
B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.
同义句型间的相互转换。一般同义句型如下：① It seems that从句→ Somebody seems (to be)+ adj/n②It's kind of sb. to do…→ Somebody is kind to do…③ what does…？瓦特多约姆.梅南比…？还是说，' sthemeaning of…？④ There is something wrong with…→ Something is wrong with…⑤ not… until….用 when/after/before引导时的时间状语从句转换⑥what's wrong with？“What's thematter. with”？⑦ How is…？→沃特…利克…？⑧ How do you like…？“What do you think”？⑦It's time that…→It's time for sb. to do…⑦It's said that…⑦ People say that…⑦ Can I help you？what can I do还是 you？
比如：火龙果智能语法检测
A：I went to bed after I finished my homework.
B：I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework.
由 if引导的条件状语从句的转换比如：
A：If it doesn't rain tomorrow, they'll go to the park.
B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they'll go to the park.
A：If you don't hurry, you'll be late.
B：Hurry up, or you'll be late.
A：Fish can't live if there is no water.
B：Fish can't live without water.
现在完成式中的一句多译法结束式动词不能与现在完成式的时间段连用，必须改为相应的延续式动词。常用动词转换为：buy-have、borrow-keep、die-be dead、open-be open、join-be in+组织/be a+成员、begin-be on、leave-be away from、close-be closed、 arrive in/get to/come/goto-be in/at、finsh-be over、 go tosleep-be asleep、 getup-be asleep.
例如：The old man died five months ago.
The old man has been dead since five months ago.
The old man has been dead for five months.
It's five months since the old man died.
Five months has passed since the old man died.
五是单句和复句之间的转换。火龙果智能语法检测
②复合句和单句在宾语从句之间的转换。比如：
A：I saw they were playing football on the playground.
B：I saw them playing football on the playground.
A：The teacher found that she was very clever.
B：The teacher found her very clever.
A：He found that it was hard to learn English well.
B：He found it hard to learn English well.
A：We are sure that we will win to first match.
B：We are sure to win to first match.
宾语从句由疑问代词/副词引导，可转换为“疑问+不定式”结构。比如：火龙果智能语法检测
A：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
B：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?
A：We don't know what we should do next.
B：We don't know what to do next.
2.可以将由 when/after/before/while/since/until引导的语句转换为 when/after/before/while/sine/until+ doing…
比如：
A：They went home after they finished their work.
B：The went home after finishing their work.
A：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China.
B：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.
when sb.+ be+ communications+ years old→ at the age of+岁数
A：When he was twelve years old, Edison started writing his own newspaper.
B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his own newspaper.
③结果状语由 so… that…引导可以转换成 too… to do或… enough to do…
A：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.
B：The box is too heavy for me to carry.火龙果智能语法检测
或：The box isn't light enough for me to carry.
A：The child is so old that he can go to school.
B：The child is old enough to go to school.
④通过 so that引导的目的状语从句可以转换为 in order to do，例如：
A：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.
B：My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.
⑤由 because引导的原因状语从句可以转换为 because of…例如：
A：We didn't go to the park because it rained.
B：We didn't go to the park because of the rain.
定语小句可转换成介词短语或分词短语。比如：
A：The man who is on the bike is Jim.火龙果智能语法检测
B：The man on the bike is Jim.
A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss.
B：The man driving the red car is my boss.
A：The girl who is called Mary is my sister.
B：The girl called Mary is my sister.
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